{"id":1572,"date":"2009-12-21T17:58:45","date_gmt":"2009-12-21T17:58:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2009\/12\/script-to-back-up-a-mysql-database-eg-for-wordpress-blogs.htm"},"modified":"2009-12-21T17:58:45","modified_gmt":"2009-12-21T17:58:45","slug":"script-to-back-up-a-mysql-database-eg-for-wordpress-blogs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2009\/12\/script-to-back-up-a-mysql-database-eg-for-wordpress-blogs.htm","title":{"rendered":"Script to back up a MySQL database (e.g. for WordPress blogs)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jeff Atwood’s recent blog failure<\/a> has probably served as a timely reminder to website owners across the ‘net – and I’m pleased to see that Jeff got his site back (some of us would be less lucky).\u00c2\u00a0 At the time, I tweeted this:<\/p>\n

“RT @edbott<\/a>: Every webmaster’s nightmare: ^MW Feeling sorry for @codinghorror<\/a> and thanking @alexcoles<\/a> for my backups”<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

To which the response from my hosting provider<\/a> came back as “er… what backups?!”.\u00c2\u00a0 Thankfully, that was an attempt at humour (either that or Alex<\/a> had forgotten that he’d helped me set some backups last summer – it helps to be on first name terms with the guys who look after your Internet presence)!<\/p>\n

In common with many blogs, markwilson.it runs on self-hosted WordPress and the key to its existence is a MySQL database.\u00c2\u00a0 Themes, etc. can be recreated… the data cannot (at least not easily).<\/p>\n

This is where the following script comes in.\u00c2\u00a0 Run as a cron<\/code> job on my host’s server, I have it set up to make a copy of my WordPress database and e-mail it to me (which means I have archive copies in my Google mail).\u00c2\u00a0 It took some tweaking (by Alex)\u00c2\u00a0to run without errors and I’d like to link to it’s original source but the link I have<\/a> appears to be dead – I’ve left the original author’s comments intact though – hopefully he won’t mind:<\/p>\n


\n#! \/usr\/bin\/php -q
\n dev\/null<\/p>\n

*\/<\/p>\n

\/\/ configure your database variables below:
\n$dbhost = ‘localhost’; \/\/ Server address of your MySQL Server
\n$dbuser = ‘db_username’; \/\/ Username to access MySQL database
\n$dbpass = ‘db_password’; \/\/ Password to access MySQL database
\n$dbname = ‘db_name’; \/\/ Database Name<\/p>\n

\/\/ Options You May Optionally Configure<\/p>\n

$use_gzip = “no”; \/\/ Set to No if you don’t want the files sent in .gz format
\n$remove_sql_file = “yes”; \/\/ Set this to yes if you want to remove the .sql file after gzipping. Yes is recommended.
\n$remove_gzip_file = “yes”; \/\/ Set this to yes if you want to delete the gzip file also. I recommend leaving it to “no”<\/p>\n

\/\/ Configure the path that this script resides on your server.<\/p>\n

$savepath = “\/home\/username\/wpbackup”; \/\/ Full path to this directory. Do not use trailing slash!<\/p>\n

$send_email_w_file = “yes”; \/\/ Do you want this database backup sent to your email? Fill out the next 2 lines
\n$to = “emailaddress”; \/\/ Who to send the emails to
\n$from = “emailaddress”; \/\/ Who should the emails be sent from?
\n$senddate = date(“j F Y”);
\n$subject = “markwilson.it WordPress backup”; \/\/ Subject in the email to be sent.
\n$headers = “From: $from”;
\nif ($send_email_w_file == “yes”)
\n{
\n$message = “Attached is a MySQL dump of sitename dated $senddate.”;
\n\/\/ Brief Message.
\n}
\nelse
\n{
\n$message = “Your MySQL database has been backed up and placed in $savepath.”; \/\/ Brief Message.
\n}<\/p>\n

$use_ftp = “no”; \/\/ Do you want this database backup uploaded to an ftp server? Fill out the next 4 lines
\n$ftp_server = “localhost”; \/\/ FTP hostname
\n$ftp_user_name = “ftp_username”; \/\/ FTP username
\n$ftp_user_pass = “ftp_password”; \/\/ FTP password
\n$ftp_path = “\/”; \/\/ This is the path to upload on your ftp server!<\/p>\n

\/\/ Do not Modify below this line! It will void your warranty!<\/p>\n

\/\/———GZIP CLASS
\nclass zipfile
\n{ <\/p>\n

var $datasec = array(); \/\/ array to store compressed data
\n var $ctrl_dir = array(); \/\/ central directory
\n var $eof_ctrl_dir = “\\x50\\x4b\\x05\\x06\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00”; \/\/end of Central directory record
\n var $old_offset = 0;<\/p>\n

function add_dir($name) <\/p>\n

\/\/ adds “directory” to archive – do this before putting any files in directory!
\n \/\/ $name – name of directory… like this: “path\/”
\n \/\/ …then you can add files using add_file with names like “path\/file.txt”
\n {
\n $name = str_replace(“\\\\”, “\/”, $name); <\/p>\n

$fr = “\\x50\\x4b\\x03\\x04”;
\n $fr .= “\\x0a\\x00”; \/\/ ver needed to extract
\n $fr .= “\\x00\\x00”; \/\/ gen purpose bit flag
\n $fr .= “\\x00\\x00”; \/\/ compression method
\n $fr .= “\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00”; \/\/ last mod time and date<\/p>\n

$fr .= pack(“V”,0); \/\/ crc32
\n $fr .= pack(“V”,0); \/\/compressed filesize
\n $fr .= pack(“V”,0); \/\/uncompressed filesize
\n $fr .= pack(“v”, strlen($name) ); \/\/length of pathname
\n $fr .= pack(“v”, 0 ); \/\/extra field length
\n $fr .= $name;
\n \/\/ end of “local file header” segment<\/p>\n

\/\/ no “file data” segment for path<\/p>\n

\/\/ “data descriptor” segment (optional but necessary if archive is not served as file)
\n $fr .= pack(“V”,$crc); \/\/crc32
\n $fr .= pack(“V”,$c_len); \/\/compressed filesize
\n $fr .= pack(“V”,$unc_len); \/\/uncompressed filesize<\/p>\n

\/\/ add this entry to array
\n $this -> datasec[] = $fr;<\/p>\n

$new_offset = strlen(implode(“”, $this->datasec));<\/p>\n

\/\/ ext. file attributes mirrors MS-DOS directory attr byte, detailed
\n \/\/ at http:\/\/support.microsoft.com\/suppor…s\/Q125\/0\/19.asp<\/p>\n

\/\/ now add to central record
\n $cdrec = “\\x50\\x4b\\x01\\x02″;
\n $cdrec .=”\\x00\\x00″; \/\/ version made by
\n $cdrec .=”\\x0a\\x00″; \/\/ version needed to extract
\n $cdrec .=”\\x00\\x00″; \/\/ gen purpose bit flag
\n $cdrec .=”\\x00\\x00″; \/\/ compression method
\n $cdrec .=”\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00”; \/\/ last mod time & date
\n $cdrec .= pack(“V”,0); \/\/ crc32
\n $cdrec .= pack(“V”,0); \/\/compressed filesize
\n $cdrec .= pack(“V”,0); \/\/uncompressed filesize
\n $cdrec .= pack(“v”, strlen($name) ); \/\/length of filename
\n $cdrec .= pack(“v”, 0 ); \/\/extra field length
\n $cdrec .= pack(“v”, 0 ); \/\/file comment length
\n $cdrec .= pack(“v”, 0 ); \/\/disk number start
\n $cdrec .= pack(“v”, 0 ); \/\/internal file attributes
\n $ext = “\\x00\\x00\\x10\\x00”;
\n $ext = “\\xff\\xff\\xff\\xff”;
\n $cdrec .= pack(“V”, 16 ); \/\/external file attributes – ‘directory’ bit set<\/p>\n

$cdrec .= pack(“V”, $this -> old_offset ); \/\/relative offset of local header
\n $this -> old_offset = $new_offset;<\/p>\n

$cdrec .= $name;
\n \/\/ optional extra field, file comment goes here
\n \/\/ save to array
\n $this -> ctrl_dir[] = $cdrec; <\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n

function add_file($data, $name) <\/p>\n

\/\/ adds “file” to archive
\n \/\/ $data – file contents
\n \/\/ $name – name of file in archive. Add path if your want<\/p>\n

{
\n $name = str_replace(“\\\\”, “\/”, $name);
\n \/\/$name = str_replace(“\\\\”, “\\\\\\\\”, $name);<\/p>\n

$fr = “\\x50\\x4b\\x03\\x04”;
\n $fr .= “\\x14\\x00”; \/\/ ver needed to extract
\n $fr .= “\\x00\\x00”; \/\/ gen purpose bit flag
\n $fr .= “\\x08\\x00”; \/\/ compression method
\n $fr .= “\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00”; \/\/ last mod time and date<\/p>\n

$unc_len = strlen($data);
\n $crc = crc32($data);
\n $zdata = gzcompress($data);
\n $zdata = substr( substr($zdata, 0, strlen($zdata) – 4), 2); \/\/ fix crc bug
\n $c_len = strlen($zdata);
\n $fr .= pack(“V”,$crc); \/\/ crc32
\n $fr .= pack(“V”,$c_len); \/\/compressed filesize
\n $fr .= pack(“V”,$unc_len); \/\/uncompressed filesize
\n $fr .= pack(“v”, strlen($name) ); \/\/length of filename
\n $fr .= pack(“v”, 0 ); \/\/extra field length
\n $fr .= $name;
\n \/\/ end of “local file header” segment<\/p>\n

\/\/ “file data” segment
\n $fr .= $zdata; <\/p>\n

\/\/ “data descriptor” segment (optional but necessary if archive is not served as file)
\n $fr .= pack(“V”,$crc); \/\/crc32
\n $fr .= pack(“V”,$c_len); \/\/compressed filesize
\n $fr .= pack(“V”,$unc_len); \/\/uncompressed filesize<\/p>\n

\/\/ add this entry to array
\n $this -> datasec[] = $fr;<\/p>\n

$new_offset = strlen(implode(“”, $this->datasec));<\/p>\n

\/\/ now add to central directory record
\n $cdrec = “\\x50\\x4b\\x01\\x02″;
\n $cdrec .=”\\x00\\x00″; \/\/ version made by
\n $cdrec .=”\\x14\\x00″; \/\/ version needed to extract
\n $cdrec .=”\\x00\\x00″; \/\/ gen purpose bit flag
\n $cdrec .=”\\x08\\x00″; \/\/ compression method
\n $cdrec .=”\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00”; \/\/ last mod time & date
\n $cdrec .= pack(“V”,$crc); \/\/ crc32
\n $cdrec .= pack(“V”,$c_len); \/\/compressed filesize
\n $cdrec .= pack(“V”,$unc_len); \/\/uncompressed filesize
\n $cdrec .= pack(“v”, strlen($name) ); \/\/length of filename
\n $cdrec .= pack(“v”, 0 ); \/\/extra field length
\n $cdrec .= pack(“v”, 0 ); \/\/file comment length
\n $cdrec .= pack(“v”, 0 ); \/\/disk number start
\n $cdrec .= pack(“v”, 0 ); \/\/internal file attributes
\n $cdrec .= pack(“V”, 32 ); \/\/external file attributes – ‘archive’ bit set<\/p>\n

$cdrec .= pack(“V”, $this -> old_offset ); \/\/relative offset of local header
\n\/\/ echo “old offset is “.$this->old_offset.”, new offset is $new_offset
“;
\n $this -> old_offset = $new_offset;<\/p>\n

$cdrec .= $name;
\n \/\/ optional extra field, file comment goes here
\n \/\/ save to central directory
\n $this -> ctrl_dir[] = $cdrec;
\n }<\/p>\n

function file() { \/\/ dump out file
\n $data = implode(“”, $this -> datasec);
\n $ctrldir = implode(“”, $this -> ctrl_dir); <\/p>\n

return
\n $data.
\n $ctrldir.
\n $this -> eof_ctrl_dir.
\n pack(“v”, sizeof($this -> ctrl_dir)). \/\/ total # of entries “on this disk”
\n pack(“v”, sizeof($this -> ctrl_dir)). \/\/ total # of entries overall
\n pack(“V”, strlen($ctrldir)). \/\/ size of central dir
\n pack(“V”, strlen($data)). \/\/ offset to start of central dir
\n “\\x00\\x00”; \/\/ .zip file comment length
\n }
\n} <\/p>\n

\/\/——— end class<\/p>\n

$date = date(“Ymd-Hi”);
\n$filename = “$savepath\/$dbname-$date.sql”;
\npassthru(“\/usr\/bin\/mysqldump –opt -h$dbhost -u$dbuser -p$dbpass $dbname >$filename”);<\/p>\n

if($use_gzip==”yes”){
\n $zipfile = new zipfile(); <\/p>\n

\/\/ add the subdirectory … important!
\n $zipfile -> add_dir($savepath);<\/p>\n

\/\/ add the binary data stored in the string ‘filedata’
\n $file6 = fopen($filename,’rb’);
\n $filedata = fread($file6,filesize($filename));
\n fclose($file6);
\n \/\/$filedata = “(read your file into $filedata)”;
\n $zipfile -> add_file($filedata, $filename); <\/p>\n

\/\/ OR instead of doing that, you can write out the file to the loca disk like this:
\n $filename3 = $savepath.”\/”.$dbname.”.”.$date.”_sql.tar.gz”;
\n $fd = fopen ($filename3, “wb”);
\n $out = fwrite ($fd, $zipfile -> file());
\n fclose ($fd);<\/p>\n

\/\/$zipline = “tar -czf “.$dbname.”.”.$date.”_sql.tar.gz “.$dbname.”-“.$date.”.sql”;
\n \/\/echo shell_exec($zipline);
\n}<\/p>\n

if($use_gzip==”yes”)
\n{
\n$filename2 = $filename3;
\n}
\nelse
\n{
\n$filename2 = “$savepath\/$dbname-$date.sql”;
\n}<\/p>\n

if($send_email_w_file == “yes” )
\n{
\n$fileatt_type = filetype($filename2);
\n$fileatt_name = “”.$dbname.”-“.$date.”_sql”; \/\/ change to _sql.tar.gz if gzip file<\/p>\n

\/\/ Read the file to be attached (‘rb’ = read binary)
\n$file = fopen($filename2,’rb’);
\n$data = fread($file,filesize($filename2));
\nfclose($file);<\/p>\n

\/\/ Generate a boundary string
\n$semi_rand = md5(time());
\n$mime_boundary = “==Multipart_Boundary_x{$semi_rand}x”;<\/p>\n

\/\/ Add the headers for a file attachment
\n$headers .= “\\nMIME-Version: 1.0\\n” .”Content-Type: multipart\/mixed;\\n” .” boundary=\\”{$mime_boundary}\\””;<\/p>\n

\/\/ Add a multipart boundary above the plain message
\n$message = “This is a multi-part message in MIME format.\\n\\n” .”–{$mime_boundary}\\n” .”Content-Type: text\/plain; charset=\\”iso-8859-1\\”\\n” .”Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit\\n\\n” .
\n$message . “\\n\\n”;<\/p>\n

\/\/ Base64 encode the file data
\n$data = chunk_split(base64_encode($data));<\/p>\n

\/\/ Add file attachment to the message
\n$message .= “–{$mime_boundary}\\n” .”Content-Type: {$fileatt_type};\\n” .” name=\\”{$fileatt_name}\\”\\n” .”Content-Disposition: attachment;\\n” .” filename=\\”{$fileatt_name}\\”\\n” .”Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64\\n\\n” .
\n$data . “\\n\\n” .”–{$mime_boundary}–\\n”;
\n}<\/p>\n

\/\/ Send the message
\n$ok = @mail($to, $subject, $message, $headers);
\nif ($ok)
\n{
\necho “Database backup created and sent! File name $filename2”;
\n}
\nelse
\n{
\necho “Mail could not be sent. Sorry!”;
\n}<\/p>\n

if($use_ftp == “yes”)
\n{
\n$ftpconnect = “ncftpput -u $ftp_user_name -p $ftp_user_pass -d debsender_ftplog.log -e dbsender_ftplog2.log -a -E -V $ftp_server $ftp_path $filename2”;
\nshell_exec($ftpconnect);
\necho “<\/p>\n

$filename2 Was created and uploaded to your FTP server!<\/center><\/h4>\n

“;
\n}<\/p>\n

if($remove_sql_file==”yes”)
\n{
\nexec(“rm -r -f $filename”);
\n}<\/p>\n

if($remove_gzip_file==”yes”)
\n{
\nexec(“rm -r -f $filename2”);
\n}
\n?>
\n<\/dirtycode><\/p>\n

All you need to do is: save this on a web server somewhere; edit the variables at top of the script; and set up a cron job to run it at whatever schedule suits.<\/p>\n

For many people, that should be enough to ensure that their WordPress installation is safe from any catastrophe (note: no warranty is implied and I’m not responsible if things do go wrong for you).\u00c2\u00a0 For me though, I have an additional consideration as my images are not in the database… maybe that will be the subject of a future blog post.\u00c2\u00a0 In the meantime, I can sleep soundly knowing that the database behind my site is backed up regularly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jeff Atwood’s recent blog failure has probably served as a timely reminder to website owners across the ‘net – and I’m pleased to see that Jeff got his site back (some of us would be less lucky).\u00c2\u00a0 At the time, I tweeted this: “RT @edbott: Every webmaster’s nightmare: ^MW Feeling sorry for @codinghorror and thanking … Continue reading Script to back up a MySQL database (e.g. for WordPress blogs)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[185],"class_list":["post-1572","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","tag-mysql"],"yoast_head":"\nScript to back up a MySQL database (e.g. for WordPress blogs) - markwilson.it<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2009\/12\/script-to-back-up-a-mysql-database-eg-for-wordpress-blogs.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Script to back up a MySQL database (e.g. for WordPress blogs) - markwilson.it\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Jeff Atwood’s recent blog failure has probably served as a timely reminder to website owners across the ‘net – and I’m pleased to see that Jeff got his site back (some of us would be less lucky).\u00c2\u00a0 At the time, I tweeted this: “RT @edbott: Every webmaster’s nightmare: ^MW Feeling sorry for @codinghorror and thanking … Continue reading Script to back up a MySQL database (e.g. for WordPress blogs)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2009\/12\/script-to-back-up-a-mysql-database-eg-for-wordpress-blogs.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"markwilson.it\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2009-12-21T17:58:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mark Wilson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@markwilsonit\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@markwilsonit\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mark Wilson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/12\\\/script-to-back-up-a-mysql-database-eg-for-wordpress-blogs.htm#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/12\\\/script-to-back-up-a-mysql-database-eg-for-wordpress-blogs.htm\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mark Wilson\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/98f61365e7c39d6be942174b8c4de468\"},\"headline\":\"Script to back up a MySQL database (e.g. for WordPress blogs)\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-12-21T17:58:45+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/12\\\/script-to-back-up-a-mysql-database-eg-for-wordpress-blogs.htm\"},\"wordCount\":258,\"commentCount\":8,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/98f61365e7c39d6be942174b8c4de468\"},\"keywords\":[\"MySQL\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/12\\\/script-to-back-up-a-mysql-database-eg-for-wordpress-blogs.htm#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/12\\\/script-to-back-up-a-mysql-database-eg-for-wordpress-blogs.htm\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2009\\\/12\\\/script-to-back-up-a-mysql-database-eg-for-wordpress-blogs.htm\",\"name\":\"Script to back up a MySQL database (e.g. for WordPress blogs) - 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