{"id":568,"date":"2005-06-02T22:10:00","date_gmt":"2005-06-02T22:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/markwilson.me.uk\/blog\/2005\/06\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm"},"modified":"2007-07-17T11:38:24","modified_gmt":"2007-07-17T10:38:24","slug":"implementing-secure-ftp-service-using","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2005\/06\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm","title":{"rendered":"Implementing a secure FTP service using Microsoft IIS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--111775030339424266-->Readers of this blog may recall that, last year, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2004\/10\/perils-of-running-unsecured-ftp-server.htm\">my open FTP server was hacked<\/a>.  That experience taught me a valuable lesson and earlier today, I needed to establish a secure FTP server installation using Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0 (well, as secure as you can with a protocol that passes authentication details in clear text &#8211; of course, there are SSL-secured alternatives available).<\/p>\n<p>The first step was to install only the essential components of IIS, using the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2004\/09\/unattended-iis-installation-after.htm\">unattended IIS installation method<\/a> that I posted last year.<\/p>\n<p>Once installed, I ensured that the server was fully patched with all relevant security updates before working through the advice from the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.windowsecurity.com\/articles\/secure_ftp_server.html\">10 steps to a secure an FTP server<\/a> article on windowsecurity.com as well as some more advice which was given to me last year by Craig Schofield, a consultant from Microsoft who was working alongside me at the time:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Change the default port number for the site from 21 to a non-standard port. This is security through obscurity; however it may not be suitable depending on the clients used to connect to the server.<\/li>\n<li>Remove all other protocols, using the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/windows2000\/downloads\/recommended\/iislockdown\/\">IIS Lockdown<\/a> tool to remove sample sites, other protocol mappings (e.g. WebDAV if installed) and to ensure that only the FTP Publishing Service is available (note that there is no point in installing <a href=\"http:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/technet\/security\/tools\/urlscan.mspx\">URLScan<\/a> for FTP servers, as it only applies to HTTP requests).<\/li>\n<li>Use anonymous access, and only anonymous. This ensures that no security credentials details are passed over the wire (remember, FTP uses clear text for authentication). If user authentication is necessary, use a dedicated account that has no access to any other systems, files or components and the recommendation is to create a local or domain local group, assign this group the required permissions (log on locally, NTFS access), and add users to this group (removing them from the Users group). <\/li>\n<li>Enable FTP logging, and ideally propagate all logs to a central location. Monitor logs for sign\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s of attack\/penetration.<\/li>\n<li>Use a virtual private network (VPN) connection between machines, to ensure that all traffic is encrypted. Alternatively, create a secure IP (IPSec) tunnel between server and client.<\/li>\n<li>Limit the number of FTP site connections to the maximum expected number.<\/li>\n<li>Assign NTFS security restrictions to the user\/group accounts used to access the FTP site.<\/li>\n<li>Ensure any virtual directories are also protected by NTFS permissions, and are directed at secure locations (not C:\\ for example).<\/li>\n<li>Change the default home folder for the FTP Site from C:\\InetPub\\ftproot to another folder (preferably not on the C:\\ drive so as to avoid a denial of service attack by using all available storage on the system disk)<\/li>\n<li>Ensure appropriate steps are taken to secure the other accounts on the machine (disable Guest, rename Administrator, assign complex passwords).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Of course, operational requirements will mean that it is not usually possible to implement every one of the above measures, but each one adds to the principle of defence in depth.<\/p>\n<p>Whilst checking my configuration, I came across <a href=\"http:\/\/support.microsoft.com\/?kbid=318380\">Microsoft knowledge base article 318380<\/a>, which lists IIS status codes for HTTP and FTP as well as providing links to the original <a href=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/\">World Wide Web Consortium<\/a> (W3C) definitions and some common status codes and their causes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Readers of this blog may recall that, last year, my open FTP server was hacked. That experience taught me a valuable lesson and earlier today, I needed to establish a secure FTP server installation using Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0 (well, as secure as you can with a protocol that passes authentication details in &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2005\/06\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Implementing a secure FTP service using Microsoft IIS<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[109,110],"class_list":["post-568","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","tag-ftp","tag-iis"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Implementing a secure FTP service using Microsoft IIS - markwilson.it<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2005\/06\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Implementing a secure FTP service using Microsoft IIS - markwilson.it\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Readers of this blog may recall that, last year, my open FTP server was hacked. That experience taught me a valuable lesson and earlier today, I needed to establish a secure FTP server installation using Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0 (well, as secure as you can with a protocol that passes authentication details in &hellip; Continue reading Implementing a secure FTP service using Microsoft IIS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2005\/06\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"markwilson.it\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2005-06-02T22:10:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2007-07-17T10:38:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mark Wilson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@markwilsonit\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@markwilsonit\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mark Wilson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2005\\\/06\\\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2005\\\/06\\\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mark Wilson\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/98f61365e7c39d6be942174b8c4de468\"},\"headline\":\"Implementing a secure FTP service using Microsoft IIS\",\"datePublished\":\"2005-06-02T22:10:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2007-07-17T10:38:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2005\\\/06\\\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm\"},\"wordCount\":549,\"commentCount\":2,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/98f61365e7c39d6be942174b8c4de468\"},\"keywords\":[\"FTP\",\"Microsoft Internet Information Server\\\/Services\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2005\\\/06\\\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2005\\\/06\\\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2005\\\/06\\\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm\",\"name\":\"Implementing a secure FTP service using Microsoft IIS - markwilson.it\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2005-06-02T22:10:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2007-07-17T10:38:24+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2005\\\/06\\\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2005\\\/06\\\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/2005\\\/06\\\/implementing-secure-ftp-service-using.htm#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Implementing a secure FTP service using Microsoft IIS\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.markwilson.co.uk\\\/blog\\\/\",\"name\":\"markwilson.it\",\"description\":\"get-info -class technology | write-output &gt; 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The trouble is that I hadn't been carrying out the best practices that I would\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"FTP\"","block_context":{"text":"FTP","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/tag\/ftp"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":478,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2004\/09\/unattended-iis-installation-after.htm","url_meta":{"origin":568,"position":1},"title":"Unattended IIS installation after the operating system has been installed","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Monday 13 September 2004","format":false,"excerpt":"One of my clients needed to provide an FTP server service on some of its XP PCs, but as an addition to the existing standard operating environment (i.e without altering the core build). Of course, Internet Information Services (including the FTP Publishing service) may be installed as part of an\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Microsoft Internet Information Server\/Services\"","block_context":{"text":"Microsoft Internet Information Server\/Services","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/tag\/iis"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":571,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2004\/10\/allowing-files-to-be-replaced-as-part.htm","url_meta":{"origin":568,"position":2},"title":"Allowing files to be replaced as part of an FTP rename operation","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Thursday 14 October 2004","format":false,"excerpt":"Yesterday, one of my clients came across an interesting scenario. They use FTP to poll sales data from their retail outlets back to a central location. As part of this process, the polling file is renamed to filename.bak; but what if filename.bak already exists from an earlier poll? The existing\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"FTP\"","block_context":{"text":"FTP","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/tag\/ftp"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":599,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2005\/07\/internet-explorer-displays-credentials.htm","url_meta":{"origin":568,"position":3},"title":"Internet Explorer displays credentials in status bar when used as an FTP client","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Monday 11 July 2005","format":false,"excerpt":"A couple of weeks back, one of my clients pointed out that when he opens files from an FTP site using Internet Explorer (IE) as an FTP client his user name and password is displayed in the status bar at the bottom of his browser window. I seem to have\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"FTP\"","block_context":{"text":"FTP","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/tag\/ftp"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":6289,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2016\/02\/raspberry-pi-ftp-server.htm","url_meta":{"origin":568,"position":4},"title":"Raspberry Pi FTP server","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Sunday 7 February 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"I've been trying to resurrect my SIP-connected Cisco 7940\u00a0as part of a review of our home telephony arrangements. In order to do this,\u00a0I've had to\u00a0configure\u00a0the TFTP capabilities\u00a0on my home infrastructure server (i.e .my Raspberry Pi). Previously, I'd served the phone configuration\u00a0from\u00a0a\u00a0Windows TFTP server (long since gone) and the phone had\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Technology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Technology","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/topic\/technology"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1399,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2009\/04\/useful-links-april-2009.htm","url_meta":{"origin":568,"position":5},"title":"Useful Links: April 2009","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Thursday 30 April 2009","format":false,"excerpt":"A list of items I've come across recently that I found potentially useful, interesting, or just plain funny: Who Gets Windows Security Updates? - An interesting post that clarifies the situation with security updates for Windows. Noteboek - Very clever experimental film by Evelien Lohbeck (via Garry Martin). 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