{"id":6149,"date":"2015-10-31T13:49:28","date_gmt":"2015-10-31T13:49:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/?p=6149"},"modified":"2015-11-02T00:23:22","modified_gmt":"2015-11-02T00:23:22","slug":"fscked-up-mac-creating-a-backup-in-os-x-single-user-mode","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2015\/10\/fscked-up-mac-creating-a-backup-in-os-x-single-user-mode.htm","title":{"rendered":"fscked-up Mac: creating a backup in OS X single user mode"},"content":{"rendered":"

11 months and 3 weeks after I bought it<\/a>, my Mac Mini started playing up… I suppose I should be grateful that it’s just before the Apple warranty ends, not just after (although I did buy from Solutions Inc.<\/a>, who offer a 2 year warranty as standard… although they’ve told me it could take a month for repairs, so to try Apple first!).<\/p>\n

First up,\u00a0I noticed issues when copying files to a folder. It said the files already existed but they weren’t in the directory listing. \u00a0Then, I noticed that the Mac was switched off when it shouldn’t be. I powered\u00a0it back on, only to find it got part way through booting (black screen with an Apple logo) and\u00a0powered itself down. A corrupted file system and potentially flaky hard disk was my first thought… swiftly followed by “when was my last backup?”.<\/p>\n

I started to work through Lex Freidman (@lexfri<\/a>)’s\u00a0Macworld tutorial on when good Macs go bad: steps to take when your Mac won’t start up<\/a>, only to find that my Bluetooth keyboard wasn’t much help for Command-key combinations at bootup time (thankfully I had an Apple USB keyboard\u00a0in the loft). Using Disk Utility to verify the disk\u00a0confirmed some file system errors but a repair failed to fix them… so on to booting into single user mode and fsck -fy<\/code>.<\/p>\n

My problems only started after I upgraded OS X (the article is written for Mountain Lion) – I’m running Yosemite\/10.10.5\u00a0(by the way, sw_vers -productVersion<\/code><\/a> helped with that) – and I have a feeling all Disk Utility had been running under the covers was fsck<\/code> but, regardless, it couldn’t fix my file system either…<\/p>\n

** \/dev\/rdisk0s2<\/em>
\n** Root file system<\/em>
\n Executing fsck_hfs (version hfs-285).<\/em>
\n** Checking Journaled HFS Plus volume.<\/em>
\n The volume name is Macintosh HD<\/em>
\n** Checking extents overflow file.<\/em>
\n** Checking catalog file.<\/em>
\n Incorrect block count for file coreduetd.db-wal<\/em>
\n (It should be 698 instead of 587)<\/em>
\n Missing thread record (id = 2396638)<\/em>
\n Invalid extent entry<\/em>
\n (4, 16638)<\/em>
\n Missing thread record (id = 2539257)<\/em>
\n Invalid extent entry<\/em>
\n (4, 22174)<\/em>
\n Invalid extent entry<\/em>
\n (4, 22174)<\/em>
\n Invalid extent entry<\/em>
\n (4, 22174)<\/em>
\n Invalid extent entry<\/em>
\n (4, 22174)<\/em>
\n Incorrect block count for file 2015-05-29 18.44.00.jpg<\/em>
\n (It should be 1939 instead of 134219675)<\/em>
\n Invalid extent entry<\/em>
\n (4, 22174)<\/em>
\n Invalid extent entry<\/em>
\n (4, 22174)<\/em>
\n Invalid extent entry<\/em>
\n (4, 22174)<\/em>
\n Invalid extent entry<\/em>
\n (4, 22174)<\/em>
\n Invalid extent entry<\/em>
\n (4, 22174)<\/em>
\n Incorrect block count for file 2015-05-29 19.04.41.jpg<\/em>
\n (It should be 2448 instead of 526736)<\/em>
\n Invalid extent entry<\/em>
\n (4, 53125)<\/em>
\n Invalid extent entry<\/em>
\n (4, 53125)<\/em>
\n Missing thread record (id = 136756985)<\/em>
\n Incorrect number of thread records<\/em>
\n (4, 21015)<\/em>
\n** Checking multi-linked files.<\/em>
\n** Checking catalog hierarchy.<\/em>
\n Missing thread record (id = 2539257)<\/em>
\n Missing thread record (id = 2585438)<\/em>
\n Invalid volume file count<\/em>
\n (It should be 1144777 instead of 1144780)<\/em>
\n** Checking extended attributes file.<\/em>
\n Incorrect number of extended attributes<\/em>
\n (It should be 875596 instead of 875596)<\/em>
\n Incorrect number of Access Control Lists<\/em>
\n (It should be 1619 instead of 1620)<\/em>
\n Overlapped extent allocation (id = 1479061, \/private\/var\/db\/CoreDuet\/coreduetd.db-wal)<\/em>
\n** Checking volume bitmap.<\/em>
\n Volume bitmap needs minor repair for under-allocation<\/em>
\n** Checking volume information.<\/em>
\n Invalid volume free block count<\/em>
\n (It should be 43923570 instead of 47674177)<\/em>
\n Volume header needs minor repair<\/em>
\n (2, 0)<\/em>
\n** Repairing volume.<\/em>
\n GetCatalogRecord: No matching catalog record found<\/em>
\n FixBadExtent: Could not get catalog record for fileID 2924329<\/em>
\n** The volume Macintosh HD could not be repaired.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

So, onto that backup…<\/p>\n

This is where Nestor Urquiza’s post (Mac OSX not booting? Make a backup from single user mode first)<\/a>\u00a0helped enormously. I decided not to touch my normal backups for this job and bought a new disk instead (a 1TB\u00a0Seagate Backup Plus Slim<\/a>\u00a0was\u00a0\u00a350 in Currys – only a fraction more expensive than in the usual\u00a0online locations) but the drive is pre-formatted using NTFS\u00a0so I shrunk the volume in Windows\u00a0Disk Management, then created a new simple volume in the free space with a single partition. This was formatted as exFAT (as ExFAT and\u00a0NTFS were the only available options) and I\u00a0ejected the disk from my PC and plugged it into the Mac (still in single-user mode), which responded with:<\/p>\n

USBMSC Identifier (non-unique): 0x00000000 0xbc2 0xab24 0x100, 3<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ls -l \/dev\/disk*<\/code> told me that this was disk1<\/p>\n

brw-r—– 1 root operator 1, 0 Oct 30 18:02 \/dev\/disk0<\/em>
\n brw-r—– 1 root operator 1, 3 Oct 30 18:02 \/dev\/disk0s1<\/em>
\n brw-r—– 1 root operator 1, 2 Oct 30 18:02 \/dev\/disk0s2<\/em>
\n brw-r—– 1 root operator 1, 1 Oct 30 18:02 \/dev\/disk0s3<\/em>
\n brw-r—– 1 root operator 1, 4 Oct 30 22:31 \/dev\/disk1<\/em>
\n brw-r—– 1 root operator 1, 5 Oct 30 22:31 \/dev\/disk1s1<\/em>
\n brw-r—– 1 root operator 1, 6 Oct 30 22:31 \/dev\/disk1s2<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

fstyp \/dev\/disk1d1<\/code>\u00a0confirmed the NTFS partition:<\/p>\n

ntfs<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

whilst\u00a0fstyp \/dev\/disk1d2<\/code>\u00a0returned:<\/p>\n

msdos<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

That’s the ticket! A couple\u00a0more commands and I had a read\/write file system and a directory to mount the external disk in<\/p>\n

mount -uw \/<\/code>
\nmkdir \/extdrive<\/code><\/p>\n

but then it all ground to a halt:<\/p>\n

mount -t msdos \/dev\/disk1s2 \/extdrive<\/code><\/p>\n

mount_msdos: Unsupported sector size (0)<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

I had a suspicion that\u00a0ExFAT was the issue here so,\u00a0as Windows 2000 and later will only format FAT32 up to 32GB<\/a> (although the file system supports larger volumes),\u00a0I used a third party utility (the GUI version of FAT32Format<\/a> created by Ridgecrop Consultants and as described by Matthew Nawrocki<\/a>). Once\u00a0the drive was reformatted as FAT32 instead of ExFAT,\u00a0it\u00a0mounted without any issues\u00a0on the Mac.<\/p>\n

I wrote a couple of test files… then started the bulk copies…<\/p>\n

cp -r \/Users\/mark\/Downloads \/extdrive\/<\/code>
\ncp -r \/Users\/mark\/Desktop \/extdrive\/<\/code>
\netc.<\/p>\n

Finally, when all files were copied, I\u00a0unmounted the USB drive (and checked I could read the files on another PC):<\/p>\n

umount \/extdrive<\/code><\/p>\n

At the time of writing, I still need to get my Mac fixed. I guess\u00a0I’ll be\u00a0making an appointment to see a “genius” at my local Apple Store but at least I have a backup if the disk is swapped out or wiped. Actually,\u00a0I got nervous\u00a0about using FAT32 for my Mac backups, so I’m currently re-running the process with an HFS-formatted disk (using my old MacBook to create the volume)… and using a slightly-amended cp<\/code> command<\/a> for a verbose output\u00a0and to preserve the file metadata:<\/p>\n

cp -pRv \/Users\/mark\/Pictures\/2015 \/extdrive\/<\/code><\/p>\n

I suspect there may be more blog posts to follow as this story develops…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

11 months and 3 weeks after I bought it, my Mac Mini started playing up… I suppose I should be grateful that it’s just before the Apple warranty ends, not just after (although I did buy from Solutions Inc., who offer a 2 year warranty as standard… although they’ve told me it could take a … Continue reading fscked-up Mac: creating a backup in OS X single user mode<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[218],"tags":[35],"class_list":["post-6149","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technology","tag-mac-os-x"],"yoast_head":"\nfscked-up Mac: creating a backup in OS X single user mode - markwilson.it<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Faced with a Mac that wouldn't boot up normally, I created a backup in OS X single user mode in preparation for any data loss during repairs\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2015\/10\/fscked-up-mac-creating-a-backup-in-os-x-single-user-mode.htm\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"fscked-up Mac: creating a backup in OS X single user mode - 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During a career spanning more than two decades, Mark has gained widespread recognition as an expert in his field including both industry and national press exposure. In addition to certifications from Microsoft, VMware, Red Hat, The Open Group and Axelos, Mark held a Microsoft Most Valuable Professional (MVP) award for three years and is now part of the MVP Reconnect programme. 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Mac OS X doesn't show hidden files by default (it all gets a bit messy otherwise - although they are visible in a Terminal\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Apple Mac OS X\"","block_context":{"text":"Apple Mac OS X","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/tag\/mac-os-x"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":782,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2007\/05\/defragmenting-a-mac-os-x-hard-disk.htm","url_meta":{"origin":6149,"position":1},"title":"Defragmenting a Mac OS X hard disk","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Sunday 6 May 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"Apple claims that OS X is the world's most advanced operating system. If that's the case, then why does it lack basic system utilities? That's a rhetorical question, but I've written before about OS X's lack of a decent backup utility and today (including most of tonight - hence the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Apple Mac OS X\"","block_context":{"text":"Apple Mac OS X","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/tag\/mac-os-x"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1080,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2008\/05\/dvd-burning-issues-in-mac-os-x-fixed-by-restarting-finder.htm","url_meta":{"origin":6149,"position":2},"title":"DVD burning issues in Mac OS X fixed by restarting Finder","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Monday 19 May 2008","format":false,"excerpt":"I was just packing up my stuff for another few nights away from home and thought it was about time I backed up my photos (been a bit slack on the backups again recently...).Unfortunately, Mac OS X didn't want to burn a DVD for me, reporting that:This disc could not\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Apple Mac OS X\"","block_context":{"text":"Apple Mac OS X","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/tag\/mac-os-x"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":657,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2007\/01\/free-backup-software-for-mac-os-x.htm","url_meta":{"origin":6149,"position":3},"title":"Free backup software for Mac OS X","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Wednesday 3 January 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"A couple of years ago I suffered a hard disk failure and I was very lucky to retrieve most of my data from other sources. That should have taught me to keep backups but I'm still not as good as I should be. My work laptop is hardly ever backed\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Useful Software\"","block_context":{"text":"Useful Software","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/tag\/useful-software"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":784,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2007\/05\/recovering-data-after-destroying-the-mac-os-x-partition-table.htm","url_meta":{"origin":6149,"position":4},"title":"Recovering data after destroying the Mac OS X partition table","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Thursday 10 May 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"I'm not a religious man but every once in a while I do something stupid and find myself hoping for some divine intervention. Yesterday, I excelled in my stupidity with what was probably the single most careless thing that I have ever done in my entire computing life, accidentally re-initialising\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Apple Mac OS X\"","block_context":{"text":"Apple Mac OS X","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/tag\/mac-os-x"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":743,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2007\/03\/mac-os-x-keyboard-shortcuts.htm","url_meta":{"origin":6149,"position":5},"title":"Mac OS X keyboard shortcuts","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Tuesday 13 March 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"After my backup hard disk failed a couple of weeks ago, I needed to be sure that a hard reset of my Mac hadn't damaged anything so I fired the machine up in single user mode and ran AppleJack. As it happened, there was nothing wrong, but there's no harm\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Apple Mac OS X\"","block_context":{"text":"Apple Mac OS X","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/tag\/mac-os-x"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6149","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6149"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6149\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6197,"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6149\/revisions\/6197"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6149"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6149"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}