{"id":8038,"date":"2020-07-09T17:38:48","date_gmt":"2020-07-09T16:38:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/?p=8038"},"modified":"2020-07-09T17:41:59","modified_gmt":"2020-07-09T16:41:59","slug":"the-5-or-6-rs-of-cloud-transformation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2020\/07\/the-5-or-6-rs-of-cloud-transformation.htm","title":{"rendered":"The 5 or 6 Rs of cloud transformation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>A few years ago, a couple of colleagues showed me something they had been working on &#8211; a &#8220;5 Rs&#8221; approach to classifying applications for cloud transformation. It was adopted for use in client engagements but I decided it needed to be extended &#8211; there was no &#8220;do nothing&#8221; option, so I added &#8220;Remain&#8221; as a 6th R.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I later discovered that my colleagues were not the first to come up with this model. When challenged, they maintained that it was an original idea (and I was convinced someone had stolen our IP when I saw it used by another IT services organisation!). Research suggests <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gartner.com\/en\/documents\/1485116\/migrating-applications-to-the-cloud-rehost-refactor-revi\">Gartner defined 5Rs in 2010<\/a> and both Microsoft and Amazon Web Services have since created their own variations (5Rs in the <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-gb\/azure\/cloud-adoption-framework\/digital-estate\/5-rs-of-rationalization\">Microsoft Cloud Adoption Framework<\/a> and 6Rs in <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.aws.amazon.com\/whitepapers\/latest\/aws-migration-whitepaper\/the-6-rs-6-application-migration-strategies.html\">Amazon Web Services&#8217; Application Migration Strategies<\/a>). I&#8217;m sure there are other variations too, but these are the main ones I come across.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For reference, this is the description of the 6Rs that we use where I work, at risual:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Replace <\/strong>(or repurchase) \u2013 with an equivalent software as a service (SaaS) application.<\/li><li><strong>Rehost <\/strong>\u2013 move to IaaS (lift and shift). This is relatively fast, with minimal modification but won\u2019t take advantage of cloud characteristics like auto-scaling.<\/li><li><strong>Refactor <\/strong>(or replatform\/revise) \u2013 decouple and move to PaaS. This may provide lower hosting and operational costs together with auto-scaling and high availability by default.<\/li><li><strong>Redesign <\/strong>(or rebuild\/rearchitect) \u2013 redevelop into a cloud-aware solution. For example, if a legacy application is providing good value but cannot be easily migrated, the application may be modernised by rebuilding it in the cloud. This is the most complicated approach and will involve creating a new architecture to add business value to the core application through the incorporation of additional cloud services.<\/li><li><strong>Remain <\/strong>(or retain\/revisit) \u2013 for those cases where the \u201cdo nothing\u201d approach is appropriate although, even then, there may be optimisations that can be made to the way that the application service is provided.<\/li><li><strong>Retire <\/strong>\u2013 for applications that have reached the end of their lifecycle and are no longer required.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Right now, I&#8217;m doing some work with a client who is looking at how to transform their IT estate and the 5\/6Rs have come into play. To help my client, who is also working with both Microsoft and AWS, I needed to compare our version with Gartner&#8217;s, Microsoft&#8217;s and AWS&#8217;&#8230; and this is what I came up with:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>risual<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Gartner<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Microsoft<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>AWS<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Notes<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Replace<\/td><td>Replace<\/td><td>Replace<\/td><td>Repurchase<\/td><td>Whilst AWS uses a different term, the approach is broadly similar &#8211; look to <strong>replace<\/strong>\/<strong>repurchase<\/strong> existing solutions with a SaaS alternative: e.g. Office 365, Dynamics 365, Salesforce, WorkDay, etc.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rehost<\/td><td>Rehost<\/td><td>Rehost<\/td><td>Rehost<\/td><td>All are closely aligned in thinking &#8211; <strong>rehost<\/strong> is the &#8220;lift and shift&#8221; option &#8211; based on infrastructure as a service (IaaS) &#8211; which is generally straightforward from a technical perspective but may not deliver the same long term benefits as other cloud transformation methods.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Refactor<\/td><td>Refactor<\/td><td>Refactor<\/td><td>Replatform<\/td><td><strong>Refactoring <\/strong>generally involves the adoption of PaaS &#8211; for example making use of particular cloud frameworks, application hosting or database services; however this may be at the expense of portability between clouds. The exception is AWS, which uses refactor in a slightly different context and <strong>replatform <\/strong>for what is referred to as &#8220;lift, tinker and shift&#8221;.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>Revise<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>Gartner&#8217;s <strong>revise <\/strong>relates to modifying existing code before <strong>refactoring <\/strong>or <strong>rehosting<\/strong>. risual, Microsoft and AWS would all consider this as part of the <strong>refactoring<\/strong>\/<strong>replatforming<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Redesign<\/td><td>Rebuild<\/td><td>Rebuild<\/td><td>Refactor\/re-architect.<\/td><td>Gartner defines <strong>rebuilding <\/strong>as moving to PaaS, rebuilding the solution and <strong>rearchitecting<\/strong> the application.<br><br>AWS groups its definition of <strong>refactoring <\/strong>and <strong>rearchitecting<\/strong>, although the definition of refactor is closer to Microsoft\/Gartner&#8217;s rebuild &#8211; adding features, scale, or performance that would otherwise be difficult to achieve in the application\u2019s existing environment (for example.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>Rearchitect<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>Microsoft makes the distinction between <strong>rebuilding <\/strong>(creating a new cloud-native codebase) and <strong>rearchitecting <\/strong>(looking for cost and operational efficiencies in applications that are cloud-capable but not cloud-native) &#8211; for example migrating from a monolithic architecture to a serverless architecture.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Remain<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>Retain\/revisit<\/td><td>Perhaps because their application transformation strategies assume that there is always some transformation to be done, Gartner and Microsoft do not have a <strong>remain<\/strong>\/<strong>retain <\/strong>option. This can be seen as the &#8220;do nothing&#8221; approach but, as AWS highlights, it&#8217;s really a <strong>revisit<\/strong> as the do nothing is a holding state.<br>Maybe the application will be deprecated soon &#8211; or was recently purchased\/upgraded and so is not a priority for further investment. It is likely to be addressed by one of the other approaches at some point in future.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Retire<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>Retire<\/td><td>Sometimes, an application has outlived its usefulness &#8211; or just costs more to run than it delivers in value, and should be <strong>retired<\/strong>. Neither Gartner nor Microsoft recognise this within their 5Rs.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Whichever 5 or 6Rs approach you take, it can be a useful approach for categorising potential transformation opportunities and I&#8217;m often surprised exercise how it exposes services that are consuming resources, long after their usefulness has ended.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A few years ago, a couple of colleagues showed me something they had been working on &#8211; a &#8220;5 Rs&#8221; approach to classifying applications for cloud transformation. It was adopted for use in client engagements but I decided it needed to be extended &#8211; there was no &#8220;do nothing&#8221; option, so I added &#8220;Remain&#8221; as &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2020\/07\/the-5-or-6-rs-of-cloud-transformation.htm\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">The 5 or 6 Rs of cloud transformation<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[218],"tags":[494,211,709,731,1,581],"class_list":["post-8038","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technology","tag-aws","tag-cloud-computing","tag-cloud-transformation","tag-gartner-research","tag-microsoft","tag-risual"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The 5 or 6 Rs of cloud transformation - markwilson.it<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"5 or 6Rs of cloud transformation is a reasonably common model, which can be traced back to Gartner but has been adopted by Microsoft, AWS and others. 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Normally, if I hear\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Virtualisation\"","block_context":{"text":"Virtualisation","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/tag\/virtualisation"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":5552,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2015\/04\/amazon-aws-summit-highlights.htm","url_meta":{"origin":8038,"position":1},"title":"Amazon AWS Summit highlights (#AWSSummit)","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Friday 17 April 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"I spent a chunk of time at Amazon's AWS Summit in London earlier this week. It was interesting to be back at the ExCeL exhibition and convention centre as the last time I was there was another big vendor event - Microsoft Future Decoded - and on the topic of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Technology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Technology","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/topic\/technology"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/images\/aws-summit-london.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":8854,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2024\/09\/the-rise-of-the-local-cloud.htm","url_meta":{"origin":8038,"position":2},"title":"The rise of the local cloud","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Thursday 26 September 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The discount retailer Lidl recently found its way into the news as its parent company began offering cloud services to outside organisations. That got us thinking about Node4\u2019s UK-based cloud services, and how, sometimes, a local cloud is exactly the solution that\u2019s required to meet clients\u2019 needs. The rise of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Published elsewhere&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Published elsewhere","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/topic\/published-elsewhere"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/uploads\/clouds-7421685-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/uploads\/clouds-7421685-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/uploads\/clouds-7421685-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/uploads\/clouds-7421685-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/uploads\/clouds-7421685-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7210,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2017\/09\/adopting-cloud-services-means-ready-constant-change.htm","url_meta":{"origin":8038,"position":3},"title":"Adopting cloud services means being ready for constant change","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Friday 8 September 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"There's a news story today about how Microsoft may be repositioning some (or all) of Skype for Business as Microsoft Teams (the collaborative group-based chat service built on various Office 365 services but Skype for Business in particular). The details of that story are kind of irrelevant to this post;\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Technology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Technology","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/topic\/technology"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":6979,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2017\/03\/design-for-failure-does-not-necessarily-mean-multi-cloud.htm","url_meta":{"origin":8038,"position":4},"title":"Designing for failure does not necessarily mean multi-cloud","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Thursday 2 March 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Earlier this week, Amazon Web Services' S3 storage service suffered an outage that affected many\u00a0websites (including popular sites to check if a website is down for everyone or just you!). S3 is experiencing high error rates. We are working hard on recovering. \u2014 Amazon Web Services (@awscloud) February 28, 2017\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Technology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Technology","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/topic\/technology"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2700,"url":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/2011\/04\/azure-connect-the-missing-link-between-on-premise-and-cloud.htm","url_meta":{"origin":8038,"position":5},"title":"Azure Connect &#8211; the missing link between on-premise and cloud","author":"Mark Wilson","date":"Monday 18 April 2011","format":false,"excerpt":"Azure Connect offers a way to connect on-premise infrastructure with Windows Azure but it's lacking functionality that may hinder adoption. While Microsoft is one of the most dominant players in client-server computing, until recently, its position in the cloud seemed uncertain. \u00a0More recently, we've seen Microsoft lay out its stall\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Technology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Technology","link":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/topic\/technology"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8038","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8038"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8038\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8041,"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8038\/revisions\/8041"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8038"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8038"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.markwilson.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8038"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}